International Sabbath-School Ouarierly

SABBATH-SCHOOL LESSONS

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GALATIANS

and

MALACHI

For SENIOR CLAIS-ES

4IRST QUARTRR, 1901

No. 23

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SABBATH-SCHOOL LESSONS

FROM

Galatians 'and Malachi

FOR

SENIOR CLASSES

FIRST

QUARTER lool

LESSON 1.—DEBTORS TO DO THE WHOLE LAW.

January 5, 1901.

(Gal. 4:30, 31; 5:1-8, R. V.)

"What saith the Scripture? Cast out the handmaid and

her son; for the son of the handmaid shall not inherit with

the son of the freewoman. Wherefore, brethren, we are

not children of a handmaid, but of the freewoman. With

freedom did Christ set us free; stand fast therefore, and be

not entangled again in a yoke of bondage. Behold, I Paul

say unto you, that, if ye receive circumcision, Christ will

profit you nothing. Yea, I testify again to every man that

receivet.h circumcision, that he is a debtor to do the whole

law. Ye are severed from Christ, ye who would be justified

by the law; ye are fallen away from grace. For we through

the Spirit by faith wait for the hope of righteousness. For

in Christ Jesus neither circumcision availeth anything, nor

uncircumcision; but faith working through love. Ye were

running well; who did hinder you that ye should not obey

the truth? This persuasion came not of Him that calleth

you."

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LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

Remember that this whole epistle is devoted to showing

the difference between the flesh and the Spirit. The

trouble

with the Galatian brethren was that, having begun in the

Spirit, they were-seeking perfection through the flesh. See

chapter 3:3. In the fourth chapter we have A sharp `con-

trast between the flesh and the Spirit. Tl e flee is

bondage,

the Spirit is freedom. If we have been baptized into e:akst,

we have put on Christ, and Christ through the Spirit abides

in us. "Ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if sb be

that the Spirit of Cod dwell in you." Rom. 8:9. "So then,

brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the

free;" for "where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty."

2 Cor. 3:17. Not to Sinai, but to Mount Zion, do we dome

for life. See Heb. 12:18-24.

QUESTIONS.

1. What saith the Scripture?

"Cast out the bondwoman and her son."

.2. What is the bondwoman? To what does • she bring

forth? Who is the child of the bondwoman? According to

what was he born?

What is true of them who are in the flesh?

"They that are in the flesh can not please God." Rom. 8:8.

Then what of the son of the bondwoman, born 'after

the flesh?

"The son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with. the

son of the freewoman."

Whose children are we?—"We are not children of the

bondwoman, but of the free." How so?—With freedoria did

Christ set us free. Compare John 8:31, 32, 34-36.

What, therefore, should we do?

"Stand fast therefore, and be not entangled again

in a

yoke of bondage."

What is said to those who receive circumcision?

"Christ will profit you nothing."

What is true of every man that is circumcised?

"Ile is a debtor to do the whole law."

What of those who would be justified by the law?

"Ye are severed from Christ." "Christ is become of no

effect unto you." "Ye are fallen away from grace."

10.

How only may we expect the hope of righteouSness?

"Through the Spirit."

11.

Is the mere question of circumcision then so vital a

matter?

L]SSSONS 114 GALATIANS.

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"In ChriSt Jesus neither circumcision availeth .anything,

nor uncircutucision."

12. What is the only essential thing?

"Faith Workinr

through love."

13,- Had. the Galatians ever been in the right way?

cUrl run well."

14.

What is indicated by the question, "Who did hinder

you?" in what had they been hindered?

"That., ye should not obey the truth."

15.

What is truth? Where and where only' is it found?

How only may we know it? What will it do for us?

NOTES.

"if ye receive circumcision, Christ will profit you noth-

ing." "Ye are severed from Christ, ye whowould be justi-

fied by the law." These two statements, together with a

remembrance of what circumcision signified, and also the

controversy that was being waged in the churches by the

false brethren, make the case very clear. Why were some

now turning to circumcision?—Because false brethren had

taught. them "except ye be circumcised, ye can not be saved."

It was for justification, salvation. Circumcision was a sign

of righteousness, of the keeping of the law, but only of

righteousness by faith. Rom. 4:11. Those, therefore, who

were trusting to circumcision for justification, were seeking

righteousness by their own works of the law.

"Neither circumcision availeth ' anything, nor uncir-

cumeision." That is, neither circumcision nor uncircum-

cision haS ally power. Neither condition can help any per-

son to gajn righteousness. Circumcision was never designed

as a help; it was never intimated by the Lord that it had

any power. It was given merely as a sign of the righteous-

ness already possessed through Christ. What every person

needs is

bower,

but neither circumcision nor anything else,

except Christ, can give that. The cross of Christ is the

power of God, and in that we get the righteousness of God.

The original purpose of God in giving the sign of cir-

cumcision, had been lost sight of, and the thing had been

wholly perverted. It was given to Abraham as a sign of the

righteousqess which he already had, through faith, after he

had madecthe vain attempt to fulfil the promises of God by

his own flesh. It was to be a sign, a reminder, that "the

flesh profiteth nothing." Therefore in a warning against

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LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

those who are of the circumcision—who trust in their own

works for salvation—we read, "For we a•re the circumcision,

which worship God in the Spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus,

and have no confidence in the flesh." Phil: 3:3.

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•

Circumcision was given as a sign of righteousness, a

sign. of perfect commandment-keeping. It is evident, there-

fore, that wherever there was circumcision, we should expect

to find the law fully kept, and whoever was circumcised in

order to secure righteousness, thereby pledged himself to

do the whole law, to make himself wholly righteous through

the flesh. But this is an impossibility, for righteousness can

he obtained in no other way than through faith in Christ—

faith which receives and appropriates the life of Christ.

Therefore the man who undertakes to make himself right-

eous is in debt to the laW; he is

debtor

to do the whole law.

He has assumed obligations which he can never fill, and he

is everlastingly a debtor. He owes perfect righteousness, and

has not the first thing wherewith to pay. It is a terrible Con-

dition in which to be. Read Rom. 8:3-7. To seek righteous-

ness through the flesh is to seek righteousness by that which

is diametrically opposed to righteousness. It is like seeking

reconciliation with God by Making a league with the devil.

Of course every man on earth is in debt to the law, in that

nobody has fulfilled the law's just demands; but when one

has acknowledged the claims of the law, and has -set him-

self to discharge the obligation, the condition is emphasized.

The hope of 'righteousness is the inheritance. "The

promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to

Abraham, or to his seed, through the law, but through the

righteousness of faith." Rom. 4:13. See also Gal. 3:18;

2 Peter 3:13. it is through the Spirit that we wait for this;

for the Spirit is "the earnest of our inheritance until the

redemption of the purchased possession." Eph. 1:14. Only

through the Spirit of God can rightemtsness be obtained.

"The righteousness of the law" is fulfilled only in those

"who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit." Rom.

8:4.

"Who did hinder you that ye should not obey the

truth?" What is truth? "Thy Word is truth." John 17:17.

Christ is the Word, and He is "the Truth." John 14:6.

Therefore, only in Him is there sanctification. John 17:17,

19; 1 Car. 1:30. In Him dwells the law in perfection. Ps.

40:8. He sets the captive soul at liberty, a liberty which is

IXSSONS IN GALATIANS.

found only in seeking God's precepts. Ps. 119:45. In Him

is "the perfect law of liberty." The freedom which Christ

the Truth gives, is freedom from sin, from disobedience to

God's holy, righteous, and good law. 1"Stand fast therefore

in the liberty wherewith Christ bath Made us free."

•

LESSON H.-THE FULFILLING OF THE LAW.

January 12, 1901.

(Gal. 5:7-12, R. V.)

"Ye were running well; who did hinder you that ye

should not obey the truth? This persuasion came not of

Him that calleth you. A little leaven leaveneth the whole

lump. I have confidence to you-ward in the Lord, that ye

will be none otherwise minded; but he that troubleth you

shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be. But I, brethren,

if I still preach circumcision, why am

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still persecuted?

then bath the stumbling-block of the cross been clone away.

I would that they which unsettle you would even cut them-

selves off."

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r •

QUESTIONS.

How did the Galatians begin the Christian race?

"Ye did run. weft." See also Gal. 3:3.

In what had they allowed themselves to be hindered?

"That ye should not obey the truth."

From venom did the apostle say this persuasion did

not come?—"Not of Him that calleth you." From whom,

then? Gal. 1:7; 2:4.

•

4. What is involved in admitting a single error?

"A little leaven leaveneth the whole lump."

5. What does the apostle say would result, if he preached

circumcision?

"Then is the• offense of the cross ceased."

. 6. What wish is expressed for those who were troubling

the brethren?

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

"I would they were even cut off which trouble you."

Compare Gal. 1:7, S.

7. To what have all been called in Christ?

"Brethren, ye have been called unto liberty."

S. What must be guarded against?

"Use not liberty for an occasion to the flesh."

What

should be done?

"By love serve one another."

10.

What will thus be fulfilled?

"All the law."

11.

In what is all the law fulfilled?

"Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself."

NOTES.

Verse 7 shows that in the beginning the Galatians

obeyed the truth, that is, kept God's commandments through

faith in Jesus. Now they were ceasing to obey. Professor

Boise gives this rendering of the last part of the verse:

"Who did hinder you from continuing to obey the truth?"

Make special note of the fact that the seeking of right-

eousness by the law, through the flesh, results in disobedi-

ence to it. "Israel, which followed after the law of right-

eousness, bath not attained. 'to the law of righteousness.

Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it

were by the works of the law.

For

they stumbled at that

stumbling-stone." On the other hand, "the Gentiles, which

followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteous-

ness, even the righteousness which is of faith." Rom. 9:30-32.

"Then is the offense of the cross ceased." The Greek

skandalon,

scandal. The preaching of the cross is to the

Jews a stumbling-block, a scandal, and to the Greeks fool-

ishness; but to those who believe, it is the power of God.

1 Coy. 1:23, 24. If Paul. had preached circumcision, that is,

justification. by the law, through one's own efforts, there

would have been no trouble with either Jew or Greek. The

heathen would have applauded the high morality even of the

law of God. Righteousness by works meets with universal

acceptance. All men are willing to have as much righteous-

ness as rests in the power of their own flesh. All systems

of religion extol "morality," in name, but only the Christian

religion has it in fact. It is only when Christ is preached,

when it is shown that in the flesh dwelleth .no good thing,

and that all real righteousness must come from without as

a gift, that men rebel. Their pride and self-confidence are

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

wounded. To admit that they are nothing, and that Christ

is all, is too much for them.

It is good always to believe the best concerning men.

Love "thinketh no evil." Paul expressed his confidence that

in spite of their error, the Galatians would still have no

other mind than that of Christ. They wished to• do• right;

they had a zeal of God, although not according to knowl-

edge. Now that they were shown so plainly and so forcibly

Christ as the only way of righteousness and life, he believed

that they would again run into it.

Christ calls to liberty, not liberty to the flesh, but

liberty

from

the flesh. Keep this distinction always in mind.

God is love, and His law, which is His life, is love.

"Love is the fulfilling of the law." Rom. 13:10. Whenever

men either wilfully or through ignorance depart from the

law of God, the law of love, it is evident that dissensions

must ensue. Then there is danger that they will devour

one another, for having departed from God, they are doing

the will of Satan, whose work it is to devour. 1 Peter 5:8.

Love, the keeping of the commandments 'of God, "worketh

no ill to his neighbor."

0. Love is the fulfilling of the law, and all is fulfilled in

one word, even in this, "Thou shalt love thy neighbor as

thyself." This is indeed the second of the two great com-

mandments which sum up the whole law (Matt. 22:37-40),

yet it comprises the whole law, because it is love, and love

is of God. The man who loves his brother, must love God

also, for without the love of God, he could have no love for

anybody. He who loves at all loves all.

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LESSONS IN GA.LATIANS.

LESSON I11.-THE FLESH AGAINST THE SPIRIT.

January 19, 1901.

(Gal. 5:13-18, R. V.)

"Ye, brethren, were called for freedom; only use not your

freedom for an occasion to the flesh, but through love be

servants one to another. For the whole law is fulfilled in

cue word, even in this: Thou shalt love thy neighbor as

thyself. But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed

that ye be not consumed one of another. But I say, Walk

by the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh.

For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit

against the flesh; for these are contrary the one to the

other; that ye may not do the things that ye would. But if

ye are led by the Spirit, ye are not under the law."

QUESTIONS.

To what have all been called in Christ?

"Ye have been called unto liberty."

What must be guarded against? What, caution is

given?

"Use not liberty for an occasion to the flesh."

What should we do instead?

"By love serve one another." "Through love be servant

one to another."

How complex is the law of God?—"All the law is ful-

filled in oue word." What is that?—"Thou shalt love thy

neighbor as thyself."

If men instead bite and devour one another, what result

may be expected?

"Take heed that ye be not consumed one of another."

Against what does the flesh strive?

"The flesh lusteth against the Spirit."

Does the Spirit yield to the flesh?

"The Spirit [lusteth] against the flesh."

How do the flesh and the ,Spirit stand as regards each

other?

"These are contrary the one to the other."

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

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What

is the condition of the man in which both are

striving for the mastery, and neither one fully yielded to?

"Ye can not do the things that ye would."

10.

How can we escape the lust of the flesh?

"Walk in the Spirit."

11.

What is sure if we walk in the Spirit?

"Ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh."

12.

What, then, is our state?

"If ye be led of the Spirit, ye are not under the law."

NOTES.

The student can now, as we come near the close of the

epistle, see more clearly the practical character of it. It is

not that the apostle now takes leave of the "doctrinal," The

argumentative, and gives some "practical" exhortation, but

we have here the conclusion of the whole .matter. All true

doctrine is intensely practical, it is given for nothing else

but practise. This epistle was not written to furnish ground

for controversy, but to silence it; its purpose is to reclaim

those who are sinning against God by trying to serve Him

in their "own weak way," not knowing that "they that are

in the flesh can not please God." Rom. ,S:S. Do not relax

any diligence in study. :Let every word be indelibly printed

on your mind. Read the verses scores of times, not forget-

ting that which we. have already passed over.

The contrasts in this epistle are the true and the false

gospel; the power of God and the power of man; living,

active faith, against dead works; reality against forms;

trust in the promises of God, against confidence in one's

self; freedom against bondage; the Spirit against the flesh;

justification, righteousness by faith, against attempted right-

eousness by works; the blessing of perfect righteousness by

the cross of Christ, against the curse of outward obedience,

which at best is but sin; complete submission to the Spirit

of God, against wavering between the flesh and the Spirit;

peace with God, the peace of God, against human strife.

Christ came not to be served, but to serve, and to give

His life a ransom for many. Matt. 20:28. He "emptied

Himself, taking

the form

of a servant." Phil. 2:7, R. V. The

mind

of a servant He had already. "I am among you as he

that serveth." Luke 22:27. Perfect knowledge of Christ,

appreciation of His life and character, is shown in service.

Thus the law is fulfilled.

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LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

Compare verses 16-18 with chapter 2:20 and Rom. 8:8-10.

if the life that we live in the flesh is lived by the faith of

the Son of God, who lives in us, and whose life alone is

manifested in us, then we are not in the flesh, but in

the

Spirit; for He is a "quickening Spirit" (1 Cor. 15:45), with

"power over all flesh" (John 17:2).

The Spirit and the flesh are irreconcilable. They are

"contrary the one to the other." Literally, they "lie over

against" each other; they are diametrically opposed. The

picture here presented is very striking, when we consiaer

the force of the word "lusteth.' it is from a compound

Greek word meaning to "rush eagerly against" or upon; to

"strive vehemently." The picture is of two armies encamped

over against each other, each sharply watching the other,

eager to find some advantage, and both in deadly opposition.

They have nothing-in common. The Spirit is given by God

to strive with all flesh, so that every man is a battle-ground.

It is easy to see that a man who knows something of the

working of the Spirit, and wishes to do right, yet who is still

in bondage to the flesh, can not do the things that he would.

But there is the greatest hope, for the Spirit is as much

opposed to the flesh as the flesh is to the Spirit, and the

Spirit is the stronger. Christ has "power over all flesh."

John 17:2. "As many as received Him, to them gave He

power to become the sons of God." John 1:12. The prom-

ise is sure. "Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the

lust of the flesh." There is complete deliverance.

"If ye be led of the Spirit, ye are not under the law."

Note carefully the connection. See how manifest it is that

to be under the law is to be in bondage to the flesh. But

that is to be in a state of war against the law, not of obedi-

ence to it, because "the carnal mind is enmity against God;

for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can

be." Rom. 8:7. Christ has come to save not only those who

know nothing.of the law, and who are known as open sin-

ners—heathen--but those who are in bondage to the law

which they acknowledge, and are vainly striving to keep.

He will deliver such from their bondage to the law to free-

dom in it. Whoever walks in the Spirit, will not be under

the law, and will not be in bondage to the flesh; for "the

law is spiritual." ROM. 7:14.

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

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LESSON IV.-THE WORKS OF THE FLESH.

January 26, 1901.

(Gal. 5:16-21, R. V.)

"But I say, Walk by the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the

lust of the flesh. For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit,

and the Spirit against the flesh; for these are contrary the

one to the other; that ye may not do the things that ye

would. But if ye are led by the Spirit, ye are not under

the law. Now the works of the flesh are, manifest, which

are these, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry,

sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousies, wraths, factions, divi-

Isions, heresies, envyings, drunkenness, revelings, and such

like; of the which a forewarn you, even as I did forewarn

you, that they which practise such things shall not inherit

the kingdom of God."

QUESTIONS.

•

1. What positive assurance have we?—"Walk by the

Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh." How

may we be saved from the lust of the flesh?—"Walk by the

Spirit."

What is sure if we walk by the Spirit?

"Ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh."

How does the flesh regard the Spirit? •

"The flesh lusteth against [rushes against, strives

against] the Spirit."

How is it with the Spirit?

"The Spirit [lusteth] against the flesh."

What agreement is there between the flesh and the

Spirit?

"These are contrary the one to the other."

What, then, is the result when we do not fully yield

to either?

"Ye can not do the things that ye would."

What is our condition if led by the Spirit?

"Ye are not under the law."

What can not be hid when they are pr

pent?

"The works of the flesh are manifest."



LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

What are- they?

10.

Of what are we repeatedly forewarned?

"That they which do such things shall not inherit the

kingdom of God."

NOTES.

Nate. the deadly opposition between the flesh a•nd the.

Spirit.. So long as there is any compromise with the flesh

on the part of any professed Christians, "ye can not do the

things that ye would." "They that are in the flesh can not

please God." Now recall chapter 3:3 and see that just this

practical instruction is the subject of the epistle all the way

through. The Galatians were not apostates; they had riot

deliberately turned their backs on God and righteousness,

but were still striving to do right. But they were striving to

perfect themselVes by the flesh. They were substituting

their own power for the power of God. This thing is

attempted in these days as much as it was then, and the

danger is the same. That is why the Lord had this epistle

preserved for us. There is absolutely no hope of righteous-

ness through the flesh. No matter.liow good one's desires,

or how earnest the resolves, it is impossible for them to be

fulfilled by means of the flesh.

"If ye are led by the Spirit, ye are not under the law."

Note the context very carefully. Let all this portion. of

Scripture be indelibly fixed in your mind, and there will not

be the slightest difficulty in seeing that to be "under the

law" is identical with fulfilling the lust of the flesh. It was

from this state that Christ died to redeem us. Chapter 4:4, 5.

in verse 13 we see that the flesh is in sharp contrast with

love, which is the fulfilling of the law. The law is love, but

the flesh is hate and strife. The law. forbids hatred': there-

fore all who are in the flesh are under the law.

The works of the flesh can not be hid; they are mani-

fest. Enumerate them, and study

each word carefully.

Take the word "divisions." How many think it a very

serious matter to get up a division, and to form opposing

parties in society, and even in the church? 'But it is one of

the works of the flesh, and "they which do such things shall

not inherit the kingdom of God.". It is of the same class as

fornication, idolatry, sorcery, "and such like." The student

will notice that the list differs somewhat in the Revision

from that givet in the common version. That is because

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.



some of the Greek words may be rendered by several words

which are quite similar. Indeed, the text itself shows that

all the things named are of one class, and the object is not

to give a complete list of the works of the flesh, but simply

to sow their nature.

"The works of the flesh are manifest." They consist in

externals. All that the flesh does, even when it assumes to

keep the law, is for outward show; but this profits nothing,

for God desires truth in the inward parts, and the flesh itself

is sin. There is no hope except in "the hidden man of the

heart, in that which is not corruptible" (1 Peter 3:4), and

the destruction of the flesh, with all its works.

The person who cherishes enmity or jealousy, who

makes divisions, or who is swayed by a spirit of emulation,

desiring to get ahead of somebody else, may be considered

a very • "moral" man as compared with the drunkard, the

adulterer, the murderer, the sorcerer, etc., but he is one of

them, and has no more prospect of inheriting God's kingdom

than they have.

All these are "the works of the flesh." They are com-

mon to all human flesh. Whenever we hear of a gross crime,

we may truly say, "That is what I should be doing if it were

not for the grace of God." Bead Mark 7:21-23. If army

unconverted person has not openly committed all the sins

mentioned here, it is simply because of education, surround-

ings, freedom from temptation, lack of opportunity, or from

cowardice—fear of consequences. The evil is in all human

flesh, and no person can boast over another.

But while there is no hope that anybody can be saved

while still in the flesh, there is the clearest hope that any

may be saved from the flesh. The Spirit is stronger than

the flesh, and Christ has power over all flesh, and if yielded

to, will free us from all iniquity. He "is able to keep you

from falling, and to present you faultless before the pres-

ence of His glory with exceeding joy." Jude

24.

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LESSONS

IN GALATIANS.

LESSON V.-THE FRUIT OF THE SPIRIT.

February 2, 1901.

(Gal. 5:22

26, R. V.)

"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-

suffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, meekness, tem-

perance; against such there is no law. And they that are of

Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with the passions and

the lusts thereof. If we live by the Spirit, by the Spirit let

us also walk. Let us not be vainglorious,• provoking one

another, envying one another."

QUESTIONS.

What are tne works of the flesh?

What of those who do such things?

What is the fruit of the Spirit?

With what are these things in harmony?

"Against such there is no law."

What have those done who belong to Christ?

"Crucified the flesh."

And what have they crucified with it?

"The passions and the lusts thereof."

By what do we live?

"By the Spirit."

By what, then, ought we to walk?

"By the Spirit let us also walk."

If we walk by the Spirit, in what state shall we.not be?

"Not be desirous of vainglory, provoking one another,

envying one another."

NOTES.

1. Note the contrast between the flesh and the Spirit, not

only in the nature, but also in, the way in which the nature

manifests itself. We have the

works

of the flesh and the

fruit

of the Spirit. The flesh is restless and agitated, always

striving, yet never attaining. It works, but works itself to

death, even while struggling for life. The Spirit is calmness

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.



and peace and rest. Its life is as the life of a tree, quietly

bearing fruit to life eternal.

The law is spiritual (Rom. 7:14), therefore it can not

be against the fruits of the Spirit. The fruit of the Spirit

is the fulfilling of the law, for love sums it all up. Compare

this lesson with chapter 3:21. The law is not against the

promise of God, but is just what God has promised to put

into our hearts, that its fruits may be borne by us.

Each of the words used in describing the fruit of the

Spirit might well be the subject of an entire lesson. Who-

ever studies this lesson exhaustively will find work for many

months or even years. The best we can do

now is but to

make a beginning. Let us make a good beginning.

"If any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none

of His." Horn. 8:9. And if any man have the. Spirit of

Christ, this fruit

must

be borne. Therefore if any man is

not loving and joyful, if he does not exercise faith, or is not

temperate, he is none of Christ's. But do not let anybody

therefore immediately resolve to be joyful, or to have peace.

This fruit of the Spirit is not worked out;' it comes as a

necessary consequence of yielding to the Spirit. Christ has

left His peace with ns, and God alone can put gladness into

the heart. But it must be there if God reigns there, for in

His presence there is fulness of joy. Ps. 16:11.

"If we live by the Spirit, by the Spirit let us also walk."

But do we live by the Spirit?—Certainly, there is no other

source of life. "The Spirit of God hath made me, and the

breath of the Almighty hath given me life." Job 33:4. "As

God liveth, who hath taken away my judgment; and the

Almighty, who bath vexed my soul; all the while my breath

is in me, and the Spirit of God is in my nostrils; my lips

shall not speak wickedness, nor my tongue utter deceit."

Job 27:2-4. The fact that anybody has 'breath, is reason

enough for him to serve God, who "giveth to all life, and

breath, and all things." Acts 17:25; 1 Tim. 6:17. The fact

that God gives us breath, makes us dependent on Him, and

constitutes His claim on us. Whoever would be independent

of God, must cease to breathe God's breath. But there is

still more in this. We often hear that "while there's life

there's hope;" this is so because life is hope. We live only

by the Spirit; therefore, all we have to do is to yield to "the



LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

power that worketh in us" (Eph. 3:20), and the fruit of the

Spirit will be brought forth "above all that we ask or think."

We think that it is easy to do wrong, and so it is; but God -

has made the way of righteousness much e•asier,_ even to the

extent that He is stronger than Satan, and life is stronger

than death.

6. It is possible for one to live in the flesh and yet be

wholly free from the flesh. See Gal. 2:20. There is no Christ

except the crucified One, and if we are His, it is by being

baptized into His death. nom. 6:3, 4. We are crucified with

Him, but we also rise with Him, to live a new life, even a

spiritual life. He does not raise the flesh—the old man. If

we build up the things once destroyed, we make ourselves

transgressors. But "if Christ be in you, the body is dead

because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteous-

ness." Rom. 8:10. That which is impossible with man is

possible with God, and whatever He has made possible for

us, He has a right to expect to see in us.

LESSON VI.-FULFILLING THE LAW OF CHRIST.

February 9, 1901.

(Gal. 6:1-5, R. V.)

"Brethren, even if a man be overtaken in any trespass, ye

which are spiritual, restore such a one in a spirit of meek-

ness; looking to thyself, lest thou also be tempted. Bear ye

one another's burdens, and so fulfil the law of Christ. For

if a man thinketh himself to be something, when he is noth-

ing, he deceiveth himself. But let each man prove his own

work, and then shall he have, his glorying in regard of him-

self alone, and not of his neighbor. For each man shall bear

his own burden."

QUESTIONS.

1. What verses in chapter 5 indicate that the members of

the Galatian churches had begun to quarrel with one

another?

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.



2. What should rather be done even if a brother were in

the wrong?

3..In what spirit should the brethren proceed to restore

him?

Who only should do this work?

What should they consider? Why?

What should we do for one another?

In so doing what do we fulfil?

S. When does a man deceive himself? Is such self-

deception common? What is man at his best state? Ps.

39:5. Then what is the case with every ma•n who thinks

himself to be something?

9. What should every man do to his own work? What

will then be the result? For what purpose should a man

prove himself? 2 Cor. 13:5.

NOTES.

Before beginning the study of this lesson, review the

preceding one, and indeed the whole of the fifth chapter

carefully. From the last part it is evident that the Galatians

had begun to quarrel among themselves. They had allowed

themselves to be drawn away from God, and disunion among

themselves must necessarily follow. Having set out to gain

justification by works, they naturally became critical, as

each thought that the other's- works did not reach his

standard. Their mutual criticisms, intended of course to set

one another right, resulted only in mutual provocation to

retort. There were envyings and emulations, and they were

biting and devouring one another. A vainglorious spirit was

taking the place of the meek and gentle Spirit of Christ.

Having seen this from what we have already studied, we can

readily see the pertinence of the exhortation that is given

in the scripture composing this lesson. Study every word of

it most carefully. It is as applicable to us as it was to the

Galatians.

The Bible presents the sinner as sick and bruised.

"The whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint. From the

sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in

it; but wounds, and bruises, and putrifying sores." Isa. 1:5, 6.

Christ came "to bind up the broken-hearted" (Isa. 61:1); "to

preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to

the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised" (Luke

4:18); and He "went about doing good, and healing all that

were oppressed of the devil" (Acts 10:38). His work is to



LESsoNs IN GALATIANS.

heal and restore. A very tender Physician is He. "A bruised

reed shall He not break, and the dimly burning wick shall

He not quench." Isa. 42:3, R. V., margin.

He says, "As My Father hath sent Me, even so send I

vou." John 20121. All His followers are His ambassadors

(not executioners), praying men in Christ's stead, "Be ye

reconciled to God." 2 Cor. 5:20. He Himself is not sitting

as judge, but as pleader. He "came not to judge the world,

but to save the world." John 12:47. When He is lifted

up, He does not repel, but draws all to Himself. John 12:32.

Consequently, His disciples are, with Him, "to seek .and

to save that which was lost." Luke 19:10. They are to in-

struct in meekness even those who set themselves in opposi-

tion to the truth. 2 Tim. 2:25. Much more, then, are they

to be considerate of a brother who has been pursued by a

fault and has fallen into its power.

The word here rendered "restore" means

to adjust, to

set in order.

It is used with reference to a. bone that has

been broken—to

set

it. This reminds us of Ps. 51:8: "Make

me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which thou hast

broken may rejoice." If a brother has fallen and bruised

himself, he is to be treated carefully, so that he may recover.

The carefulness with which a man with a broken leg should

be handled represents the treatment that should be accorded

to one who has fallen into sin.

Who is to restore him?—"Ye who are spiritual." Some

one will say, "But suppose I don't know that I am spiritual?"

Evidently then the thing to do is to find out. If there is

any doubt in the matter, our business

is with ourselves,

rather than with the other man. "But suppose there is no

one in the church who is spiritual; is the erring brother to

be left to go his way without correction?" The question

suggests its own answer. If there is no person spiritual

enough to restore the faulty brother, then it is evident that

all the rest are at fault as well as he, and each needs a per-

sonal work done for himself.

It is plain that the first question for each one to ask

when he sees a brother in error is, "Am I spiritual? Am I

walking in the Spirit?" It can be seen that if the exhorta-

tion of the Spirit through the apostle Paul were followed,

the sight of a brother in the church who has fallen into sin,

would be the signal for a general revival; and it would be

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.



strange if, by the time all the rest got into a live spiritual

condition, the specially erring one were not also restored.

But let no unsanctified, unspiritual man presume to try to

restore an erring brother. If he does, the work will be done

in the most bungling manner. Christ said, "For their sakes

I sanctify Myself, that they also might be truly sanctified."

John 17:19, margin.

"In the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou

also be tempted." Remember that no temptation comes to

any one but such as is common to all men. Our brother is

the same flesh as we are, and we are liable to the same sin

that has caused his fall. Christ helps us, because He places

Himself by our side, as sharer of our weakness, and oppressed

by the same temptations. If we would help a sinner, we

can do far more by confessing to him our own weakness,

perhaps our own fall into the very same sin that has snared

him, and telling how the Lord gave us the victory, than we

can by any stern rebuke. He knows that he is a sinner, but

does not know the way out of his trouble. Spend more

lime telling him what he does not know than in telling him

what he already knows.

Christ bears the sin of the world. Whether we acknowl-

edge Him or not, our sins are on Him, and He bears them.

The law is in His heart; it is His life, and it is love: The law

of Christ is that of self-giving. "Love worketh no ill to his

neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law." We can

fulfil the law only by coming into "the fellowship of His

sufferings." Christ associates His true followers with Him-

self as saviours of the world. We are, therefore, to bear the

burdens of others' sins in so real a manner as to lift the sins

from their shoulders.

"If a man think himself to be something, when he is

nothing." Better rendered, "though he is nothing." in the-

Greek the participle is used, "If a man think himself to' be

something, being nothing." We are nothing. "Every man

at his best state is altogether vanity." Ps. 39:5. Compared

with God, all nations together are "less than nothing, and

vanity." Isa. 40:17. Therefore, if any man think himself to

be something, he deceiveth himself. That is not the way to

bear one another's burden of sin. Christ, the Sin-bearer,

says, "I Can of Mine own self do nothing." John 5:30. The

thought of the- first. two verses is still continued. We bear

one another's burden of sin,, thus relieving him of it, and



LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

restoring him, by acknowledging in the spirit of meekness

that we are as weak and as helpless and sinful as he is.

This is the only way; it is Christ's way.

LESSON VII.-SOWING AND REAPING.

February 1F, 1901.

(Gal. 6 : 6-10, R. V.)

"Let him that is taught in the Word communicate unto

him that teacheth in all good things. Be not deceived; God.

is not mocked; for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he

also reap. For he that soweth unto his own flesh shall of

the flesh reap corruption; but he that soweth unto the Spirit

shall of the Spirit reap eternal life. And let us not be weary

in well doing; for in due season we shall reap, if we faint

not. So then as we have opportunity, let us work that

which is good toward all men, and especially toward them

that are of the household of the faith."

QUESTIONS.

What is the one who receives instruction in the Word.

to do?—"Communicate unto him that teacheth." In what

respect?—"ln all good things."

What warning is given?—"Be not deceived." Why not?

"God is not mocked."

What shall every man reap?

"Whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also. reap."

What will a man reap who sows to the flesh?

"He . . . shall of the flesh reap corruption."

Who will reap corruption?

"He that soweth unto his own flesh."

What will be reaped by the one who sows to the

Spirit?

"He . . . shall of the Spirit reap eternal life."

Who will reap life everlasting?

"He that soweth unto the Spirit."

S. From what will he reap life everlasting?

"Of the Spirit."

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.



To what does this encourage us?

"Let us not be weary in well-doing."

10.

What will come in due season?—"Iii due season we

shall reap." On what condition?—"If we faint not."

11.

What should we therefore do?—"Do good unto all

men." Under what circumstances?—"As we have oppor-

tunity."

12.

Who should especially profit by our good acts?

"Them that are of the household of the faith."

NOTES.

There is probably no one who has ever read the sixth

chapter of Galatians who has the slightest doubt that the

exhortations in verses 1, 9, 10 are addressed personally to us,

or that the statement in verse 8 is of universal application.

This should show us that the whole epistle concerns us. The

same conditions exist to-day, and all the instruction is as

applicable to us, and as necessary,

as it was to the Galatians.

The question is between faith which works, and works which

produce nothing, and is as vital a one to-day as it ever was.

"Communicate." Have in common. Compare 1 Con

9:7-14; 2 Cor. 9:1-8. From these it is very evident that the

reference is to the sharing of temporal goods with those

who are instructors in the Word. We do not buy our way

to the favor of God. True giving is the result of the grace

of God already in the heart. The brethren in Macedonia.,

who are presented as models in Christian giving, "first gave

their own selves to the Lord." 2 Cor. 8:1-5. The sacrifices

of God are a broken spirit. Ps. 51:17. When this is present,

God is "pleased with the sacrifices of righteousness." When

this is absent, all gifts are an abomination to Him. - Amos

5:22-24; Micah 6:6-8. True Christian giving,•—giving because

of love of the truth,—is therefore one form of sowing to the

Spirit.

"God is not mocked." The Greek word here rendered

"mocked" is not used elsewhere in the New Testament.. Ti,

means "deceived," thrown off the track, just as our word

"mocked" often does. See Matt. 2:16. Ananias and Sapphira

tried to deceive the Lord, but failed. Acts 5:1-9.

There is great danger of becoming weary in well-

doing, especially when we see no immediate fruit of our

labor. We need to remember how patiently God waits upon

us. He is continually supplying us with good things, yet

very few appreciate His efforts sufficiently to thank Him.

How often we ourselves have murmured when we ought to



LII;SSONS IN GALATIANS.

have been returning thanks! When men treat us with only

a portion of the indifference and disrespect that we show to

God, we say that they are unworthy, and are inclined to do

nothing more for them; but God does not do that way with

us. We are to learn patience from Him.

"In due season we shall reap." "Cast thy bread upon

the waters; for thou shalt find it after many days." Ecci.

11:1. "In the morning sow thy. seed, and 'in the evening

withhold not thine hand; for thou knowest not whether shall

prosper, either this or that, or whether they both shall lie

alike good." Verse 6. "They that sow in tears shall reap

in joy. He that goeth forth and weepeth, bearing precious

seed, shall doubtless come again with rejoicing, bringing his

sheaves with him." I's. 126:5, 6. There is no doubt about

the reaping; it is sure. No act of kindness is ever wasted.

God's Word shall not return to Him void, even though many

to whom it is sent reject it. Christ did not die in vain. He

gave .Himself for all the world, and none of His love is

thrown away. Every act done for love of God is sure to

bear fruit to life eternal.

We are not to be partial in our good deeds. The house-

hold of faith standing nearest, will naturally be the first

partakers of our service, but no opportunity to do good is

to be slighted. Read Matt. 5:43-48. We are' to do good "as

we have opportunity." It is to be considered a privilege,

not a task.

There is no doubt that in these verses the apostle is

speaking of rendering temporal assistance; yet since no

gift is recognized by the Lord unless it comes from the

heart in which His love is shed abroad by the Holy Spirit, -

it is evident that what is said about sowing and reaping

applies to every act of life. He who lives for the flesh, will

reap only corruption; from the Spirit alone can life everlast-

ing come.

LIiSSONS IN GALATIANS.



LESSON VIII.-GLORYING IN THE CROSS.

February 23, 1901.

(Gal. 6:11-18, R. V.)

"See with how large letters I have written unto you with

mine own hand. As many as desire to make a fair show

in the flesh, they compel you to be circumcised; only that

they may not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. For not

even they who receive circumcision do themselves keep the

law; but they desire to have you circumcised, that they may

glory in your flesh. But far be it from me to glory, save

in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, through which the

world .hath been crucified unto me, and I unto the world.

For neither is circumcision anything, nor uncircumcisiou,

but a new creature. And as many as shall walk by this

rule, peace be upon them, and mercy, and upon the Israel

of God. From henceforth let no man trouble me; for I.

bear branded on my body the marks of Jesus. The grace

of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit, brethren.

Amen."

QUESTIONS.

What is there of peculiar interest about the Epistle to

the Galatians?

"I have written unto you with mine own hand."

What was the object of those who were troubling the

Galatians T

"To make a fair show in the flesh."

To this end what were they trying to do?

"They compel you to be circumcised."

For what reason?

"Only that they may not be persecuted for the cross of

Christ."

How did these circumcised ones regard the law?

"Not even they who receive circumcision do themselves

keep the law."

What profit, then, was there in their circumcision?

"If thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made

uncircumcision." _Rom. 2:25.



LESSONS IN

GALATIANS.

7. Why did these persons wish to have the Galatians cir-

cumcised?

"That they may glory in your flesh."

S. Under what condemnation were these false teachers

thus bringing themselves?

"Wo unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye

compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when lie.

is made, ye make him twofold more the child of hell than

yourselves." Matt. 23:15.

In what alone will the true Christian glory?

"Far be it from me to glory, save in the cross of our

Lord Jesus Christ."

10.

What is done by the cross of Christ?

"Through which the world path been crucified unto me,

and I unto the world."

11.

How much power is there in circumcision?

"For neither is circumcision anything, nor uncircum-

cision."

12.

What is the only thing that is of value?

"A new creature."

13.

What is sure to rest upon all such?

"Peace be upon them, and mercy."

14.

What do all new creatures, whether circumcised or

uncircumcised, constitute?

"The Israel of God."

15.

What warning did Paul give concerning himself?—

"From henceforth let nO man trouble me." Why not?—"For

I bear branded on my body the marks of Jesus."

16.

What is the apostolic benediction? .

NOTES.

1. Paul doubtless, partly at least on account of the weak-

ness of his eyes, was accustomed to dictate his letters to

an amanuensis. This epistle, however, was so important.,

and he was so full of earnestness, that he was obliged to

seize the pen and write with his own hand. If we turn to

2 Thess. 2:2 we shall see that some zealous persons took

advantage of Paul's custom, to write letters in his name,

thus troubling the brethren. This forging of documents

was very common in the first centuries after Christ, for

there were many who wished to go beyond that which was

written by the authority of the Holy Spirit. In the Epistle

to the Thessalonians the apostle told the brethren how they

Could tell whether an epistle was from him or not. "The

salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token

LESSONS IN GALATIANS.



in every epistle, so I write." He always signed his own

name, and wrote the salutation with his. own hand. In

writing to the Galatians, however, he wrote the whole

epistle with his own hand, and therefore there could be no

chance for misunderstanding. No one could say that some

man's ideas were incorporated along with. Paul's. writings.

•

2. Circumcision was given as a. sign of righteousness—the

keeping of the law. Born. 4:11. it was a sign of righteous-

ness by faith, of course, for in no other way except by

faith can the law be kept. But the people who were mis-

leading the Galatians were making it a substitute for faith,

and so of course they did not keep the law. An outward

show was all that they desired. They would entice their

victims with fair words, and afterwards boast over their

mere formal religion. "Meddle not•with him that flattereth

with his lips." Prov. 20:19. "A flattering mouth worketh

ruin." Pros. 26:28.

Compare verse 12 with 5:11. Attempted righteousness

by works means self-glory and boasting.



Righteousness

by faith in the cross of Christ means humility and meek-

ness, the acknowledgment that there is no goodness in the

flesh. A man can preach "morality" of the highest kind by

the year, and meet with nothing but approval from all

classes of men, if he does not preach righteousness through

the cross. if he assures his hearers that they can do it,

there will be no persecution; but when he assures them that

in them is no good thing, and that only through confession

and self-renunciation and perfect dependence on Christ can

they. ever attain to any goodness, there will be plenty of

opposition.

But there is glory in the cross of Christ. It is all

glory. People talk of the "shadow of the cross," but it casts

a shadow only in the same way that the sun does. The sun

is light; from itself alone there comes no shadow; it casts a

shadow. only when something comes before it. Whenever

we get out from behind any object interposed between us

and the sun, we are no longer in the shadow, but only in

•

the light. So from the cross itself no shadow comes. The

shadow comes only from the things which people's unbelief

has interposed between them and the cross. When they

cast aside unbelief, and their own works, which are the

result of unbelief, and come into full view of the cross, they

find that "the darkness is past, and the true Light now shin-

eth." 1 John 2: S. Jesus said, "I am the Light of the world;

he that followeth. Me shall not walk in darkness, but shall

have the Light of life." John 8:12.



LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

In Christ Jesus only a new creature availeth anything;

and "if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature." 2 Cor.

5:17. Then "all things are of God." God's law will, there-

fore, be fully manifested in the life, even as in Christ's life.

It is not our works that save us, but God's own works,

which He has done, and laid up for us. Eph. 2:8-10; Ps.

31:19, 20.

"1 bear branded on my body the marks of Jesus." The

Greek word rendered "marks" is the plural of "stigma,"

which we have incorporated into our own language. It was

used specially of marks pricked or branded into the skin of

a slave, to show to whom he belonged. Paul was

crucified.

with Christ, and so bore the marks of the cross. The word.

"stigma" has with us the idea of shame, and so the cross

was considered. The slave who had any fineness of feeling

would naturally wish to conceal the evidence of his servi-

tude. But the Christian will glory in that which shows that

he is indissolubly linked to Christ. Let none presume to

trouble such an one, for his MaSter will protect him.

LESSON IX.--GENERAL REVIEW.

March 2, 1901.

We have now devoted eight months to the study of. the

Epistle to the Galatians, and should, in that time have

acquired a thorough acquaintance with it, since we have

had an average of less than one verse a day. It ought, there-

fore, to be a pleasant task to review the whole epistle in

one lesson. It is self-evident that if this is done no one can

stop to go into details. That has been done in preceding

lessons, and it is to be supposed that our knowledge of

details is now sufficient to enable us to take in any chapter

or even almost the whole epistle at a glance. It is to be

hoped that the interest aroused by this study is so great

that every one will make the epistle the subject of much

more study in the time to come:

QUESTIONS.

1. What important truths are mentioned in the saluta-

tion?

LESSONS

IN GALATIANS.



What verses show the reason for the writing .of the

epistle? Quote them. Cite some verses in the third chap-

ter that show the same thing. In the fourth and fifth also.

How confident was the apostle Paul of the Gospel

which he preached?

'What ground had he for this confidence?

To what is the greater portion of the first chapter of

the epistle devoted? Give a brief outline of it.

How did Paul get his preparation to preach the GOs-

pel to the heathen? What do •you know about the first

seventeen years of his Christian experience? Tell the occa-

sions of the visits to Jerusalem, which are mentioned in this

epistle.

Who accompanied him on the second visit mentioned?

S. What caused him to go? What question was then

under discussion?

What strong position did Paul take?

10.

Who were making the trouble? What was their

object?

11.

Why would he not allow Titus to be circumcised?

What then

was at stake?

12.

What was Pai;i•s standing among the brethren assem-

bled in Jerusalem? To what were he and Barnabas formally

commissioned by them? Who also was recognized as hay-

ing a special work .committed to him?

13.

Relate what happened after the return to Antioch

'from Jerusalem. O what were some of the leading

brethren guilty? How did. Paul deal with the matter?

Give the substance of his talk. What did he make most

prominent in it? How only did he declare that righteous'

ness could be obtained? What is the believer's relation to

Christ?

14.

With what exclamation and question does the third

chapter (as we have it divided) begin? From the first

verses of this chapter, what can we learn as to the condition

of the Galatians at the time of the writing of the epistle,

and previously?

15.

What character is now introduced? What relation

does he sustain to believers? What words to Abraham sum.

up the whole Gospel? What is the condition of thoie who

believe? Who are cursed? Why? 'How ca•n nobody be

justified? How is this made to appear?

16.

From what has Christ redeemed us? How did He do

it? What do the Gentiles receive as the consequence?

What do we receive through faith?

17.

Tell what is said about a covenant in general. What



LESSONS IN GALATIANS.

covenant in particular is referred to? What is promised in

this covenant? To whom were the promises made? What

is the relation of the law to the promise? Under what does

the law hold all? To what are they shut up? What, there-

fore, is the relation of the law to Christ? What does faith

do for us? When v,'c'believe, whose children are we? (Com-

pare John 1:12.) How do we put on Christ? What are all

who are in Christ? What is their relation to the promise?

•

18. What is under consideration in the whole of the

fourth chapter? What two states? Why was Christ sent

forth? Tell what is said about the two covenants? How

are they represented? Where does bondage come from?

Where freedom? What is to become of- all bondservants?

Whose children are we? (Are we really?)

19.

If we are free, what should we do? What only is of

profit?

20.

To what have we been called?

21.

What is the prominent feature of the last part of

chapter 5? What things are described and contrasted?

What is the condition of all who are spiritual, or led by the

Spirit?

22.

Give an outline of the sixth chapter.

23.

"Mention. some of the most striking exhortations of

this epistle.

Lessons from Malachi.

The name Malachi is a contraction of Malachijah, mean-

ing "Messenger of Jehovah." The term indicates the

prophet's office, rather than. his name. He was Jehovah's

last inspired messenger among the prophets of that age to

announce the coming of God's great messenger. He reproves

certain sins in the close Of that age, which are paralleled by

the same sins in the close of this age. The date was about

B. C. 420 to 390. His work followed that of Nehemiah. The

grand scope of the book will be developed in our study of

its lessons.

LESSON• I.-UNHOLY OFFERINGS.

March 9, 1901.

(Mal. 1:1-14.)

QUESTIONS.

To whom is the prophecy addressed? How much does

Israel include? Verse 1. Note 1.

Of what does the Lord assure them? Verse 2.

What proof does He give of His love? Verses 2, 3.

Note 2.

What does rebellious Edom declare? How does the

Lord reply? Verse 4.

What will the faithful see and acknowledge? Verse 5.

What common truth does the Lord state? Verse 6,

first part.

What class does He reprove? How does He reprove

them? What do they in their blindness reply? Verse 6.

S. How had God's name been despised? What did they

virtually say by this? What had His table become to them?

Verses 7, 12. Note 3.

9. What further proof does the Lord give of His people's

unfaithfulness? By what common facts does He appeal to

them? Verse .S.



I.XSsoNs

PROM MALACHI.

10.

What had the Lord's service become? How had they

regarded it?. How did they show their feeling? Should the

Lord accept such service? Verse 13.

11.

Upon whom rests the 'curse? What . does the Lord •

declare Himself to be? Verse 14.

12.

What appeal does the messenger make to these sinful

people? How earnestly does he press it home upon them?

Verse 9. Note 4.

13.

What is the longing of his heart? What is the Lord's

final sentence upon those who continue to regard Him with

such disrespect? Verse 10. Note 5.

14.

Where does the Lord declare His name will be hon-

ored? Verse 11. • Note 6.

NOTES.

"Israel." Israel is a comprehensive term, including all

God's people. The study of the book 4vill show that the

general term at the beginning includes not alone the peo-

ple of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel, but all who have

come in among God's people from the Gentiles. See Ilona.

9:6-3; Eph. 2:11, 12, 19, 20; 3:6.

"Jacob—Esau." It is not of the individual men, but of

the characters represented by these men, that the prophet

speaks. Despite all Jacob's imperfections, .he believed God,

and longed to be like Him. He finally obtained the victory,

and became prevailer with God. His character was manifest

in his descendants. God hated the selfish character- of Esau,

who sold his birthright for a mess of pottage, whose

descendants exercised intense hatred toward their brethren

and rejoiced in their downfall. God loves the sinner that

He may save him, but He hates of necessity the sin, and the-

character that is formed by cherishing sin. These men stand

as types of characters in all ages—the one of the imperfect

man who desires to reform, and does so by God's grace; the

other of those who despise God's blessings and reject His

character.

"In that ye say." They probably did not say it in

words, but their deeds spoke more loudly. If it was worthy

only of their poorest offering, of their unclean bread; surely

it was contemptible and unclean. We have considered some

of these verses out of order, so as not to repeat the same

thoughts, but it is well to note the • repetition. It shows

how emphatically and clearly the Lord reveals their sin.

"Entreat the favor of God." God reproved that they

might

repent. It was not in His plan that they had failed

LESSONS

FROM MALACHI.



and their trouble had come upon them. It was all by theii

means, and God could no•t accept of half-hearted service.• '

The repentance must be deep and. lasting.

"Oh, that there were one among you!" The Lord

longed for one brave man, according to the Revised. Version,

who would rise up and close the house of God against the

unholy, polluted, imperfect offerings, which were degrading

God before the eyes of all that saw. God did not accept the

imperfect, cheap offerings, and the fire upon His altar was

kindled in vain.

"My name shall be great.'-' (Margin.) God's name will

be honored. He desires that it shall be honored by the holy,

faithful, earnest, true lives of His people. If they will not

do this, His name will not the less be honored. He will get

honor from their unfaithfulness. He desired to be honored

by Pharaoh's conversion, but Pharaoh would not have it

thus, so God used his overthrow to honor Him. He longs

to get honor and spread abroad His name through His peo-

ple's success, but if He can not do this, He will get glory

through their downfall.

SUPPLEMENTARli QUESTIONS.

When was it that Edom was beaten down? What, kind.

of offering does the Lord desire? What kind, of offering

did He make for us? If we have only the lame, yet give our

best, will Ite not accept it? What is the state of our piety

when the regular service of God becomes a "weariness"?

LESSON IL—WEARYING GOD.

March 16, 1901.

(Mal. 2:1-17.)

QUESTIONS.

1. To whom is this message specially addressed? Verse •

1. Note 1.

•

2. What is our duty respecting this message? What is •

the result if we do not lay it to heart? What results if the

message is not heeded? What has already resulted? Why?

Verse 2.



LESSONS FROM MALACHI.

What further judgments are threatened? Verse 3.

What would these judgments show? Are these judg-

ments necessary to impart such knowledge? Verse 4.

With whom did God covenant? What was the nature

of this covenant? What was God's object in giving Levi.

these blessings? In what did they nominally result?

Verse 5.

What was in his mouth? What was not found in his

lips? How did he walk? Before whom? What was the

result? Verse 6.

What should the priest's lips teach? What have the

people a right to do? Why'? Verse 7.

But what had the Lord's priests done? What bad

they caused many to do? What had they corrupted? What

was the character of this covenant? What, then, had they

corrupted? What are corrupted life and peace? Verses

4, 5, S.

What had the Lord done to save His honor? In what

proportion had Tile done this? What evil thing does He

mention? Verse 9.

10.

By what questions does the prophet show man's

equality and God's impartiality? How, then, ought man to

treat his fellow? What do those do who deal treacher-

ously with their brethren? Verse 10. •

11.

What has. Judah done? What was in Israel and

Jerusalem? In what particulars? Verse 11. Note 2.

12.

What will the Lord do to the man who thus separates

from Him? Verse 12.

13.

What hypocrisy did Judah and Israel show in their

sins?

How does God regard it? How does He receive their

offering? Verse 13.

14.

What question do they ask in their blindness? What

specific sin does the Lord point out? For what purpose was

the wife given? Verse 14. Note 3.

15.

How did God make man and woman? Why? To

what should every one give heed? What should not be

done? Verse. 15.

16.

What two things does God here say that He hates?

What warning

does He repeat? Verse 16.



•

17.. How had their words affected the Lord? Why? In

what two things had they especially sinned? Verse 17.

NOTES.

1. "0 priests." This Chapter is especially addressed to

priests; but because of this no one need give it away. God

designs that His people-all of them-should be priests unto

LESSONS FROM MALACHI.



the world. "And He made us to be a kingdom, to be priests

unto His God and Father." Rev. 1:6, R. V. "But ye are an

elect race, a royal priesthood, . . . that ye may show

forth the excellencies of . Him who called you out of

darkness into His marvelous light." 1 Peter 2:9, R. V. And

this was God's design with Israel of old. "And ye shall be

unto Me a kingdom of priests." Ex. 19:6. All God's chil-

dren should be priests to the world, ministering the grace

and knowledge of God to the needy. And the world has a

right to expect this of them.

"Abomination is committed." The Lord counts Him-

self as husband to His people. See Jeremiah 3, especially

verse 14; Rom. 7:4. He takes poor humanity in their vile-

ness, gives them His own royal name, and His glorious robes

of righteousness. When those who have been thus honored

depart from Him and unite with another, they are as truly

committing adultery as is a Woman who leaves her own law-

ful husband to become the wife of another, When the

church unites with the state, she is profaning God's holiness

and committing abomination.

"Thy companion." God did not give man a wife

satisfy his lust, nor to be his slave or servant, nor to occupy

an inferior position, even though a different one. The orig.

final expression is "a help, meet for him," one fitted to be

his

companion

in a noble service for God and humanity.

Husband and wife are to be one, but neither he nor she is

to be

the

one. Both are to blend in one purpose, in one life,

out neither to be the slave of the other.

LESSON III.-RENDERING THE LORD HIS OWN.

March. 13, 1901.

(Mal. 3:1-12.)

QUESTIONS.

1. Whom does the Lord promise to send? What would

he do? Who would come? Where would He come? What

is He called? How is He regarded? What is again said of

this Messenger of the covenant? Verse 1. Note 1.



LESSONS PROM MALACHI.

What questions are asked concerning. His coming?

To what is Ile likened? Verse 2. Note 2.

As what shall He sit? Whom will He purify? How

thoroughly? What will be the result? Verse 3.

4..How will the Lord regard these righteous offerings?

Verse 4. See Lev. 9:22-24. •

•

5. In what also will He come near? Against what class

will He be a witness? What kind of witness? Of what

•

are all these transgressions? What is His rule of witness •

and judgment? Verse 5.

•

6. What only has saved the wicked from destruction?

Verse 6. Note 3.

What had the people done? For how long? What

invitation does the Lord give? What promise does He

make? What question is asked by•the disobedient? Verse 7.

What solemn question does the Lord ask? What

statement does He make? How does unbelief again ques-

tion? How does the Lord reply? Verse S.

What is the result of robbing God? How many are

affected? Verse 9. Note 4.

10.

What duty does the Lord urge? Why? What does

He ask us to do as respects Himself? With what are we to

prove Him? What will He do if thus proved? How great

will be the blessing? Who says this? Is His word good?

Verse 10.

11.

What will He rebuke? For whose sake? What

further promises does He make? Verse 1.1..

12.

What will be the ultimate results of such blessing?

Who thrice declares all these promises? Verse 12.

NOTES.

"My messenger." Christ's messenger, John the Bap-

tist. Mark 1:2; Luke 7:27. "The Lord, whom ye seek."

Jesus Christ, the Desire of all nations. "Come to His tem-

ple." Including all His first craning, to the temple at Jeru-

salem, to the people of God, to the sanctuary on high,

where Ile ministers Hi

s own life for His people, and con-

firms His covenant in every soul that accepts. "Behold, He

cometh." His second coming, including the work of judg-

ment, when He comes before the Father, as well as His

appearing in glory.

"Abide." No one, save only in Christ's righteousness,

may abide that day, or stand before Him 'acquitted in the

jud

‘

gment. That they may do it then, He. is now like a

refiner's fire to burn away all dross, like soap to cleanse.

LESSONS FROM MALACHI.



He is not only the fire through His Spirit, but He watches

over the process, that the fire may not be too fierce, and yet

that the dross may be consumed. "A refiner." When the

refiner of silver can see his own image perfectly reflected

in the molten metal, the silver is pure. So Christ waits, yea,

even kindles the furnace fires, that the dross ma•y be con-

sumed. "Sons of Levi." God's own spiritual priesthood,

which Levi was a type.

"Therefore." It is because God does not change,

because "His mercy endureth forever," that men are spared

in their sins. Not until there is no hope, till the sinner

identifies himself with the Sin, dbes the sinner die.

"The curse" is not an arbitrary curse pronounced upon

the disobedient. It inheres in the very transgression itself;

and it keeps back the blessing of God, not alone from the

transgressors, but front those associated with them in

church capacity. They are diseased members, affecting the

whole body, and not until they are separated or healed will

the blessing of God come in its fulness.

SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS.

How much is a tithe? To whom does the tithe belong?

God tests man in respect to time and means. What is a

test with respect to time? What in respect to means?

Where is the tithe to be brought? If after we have paid it

honestly, it is wrongly used, shall we lose the blessing?

What is the tithe?—A debt we owe? a self-assumed obliga-

tion? or God's share in the revenue of our partnership with

Him?

LESSON IV.-THE FINAL RECKONING.

March 80, 1901.

(Mal.

3:13-18; 4:1-6.)

QUESTIONS.

What charge does the Lord again bring against His

people? What do they .respond? Verse 13.

What things does He enumerate? Verse 14. Note 1.

What do they say of the proud? What of the wicked'?

What of those who tempt God? Verse 15.



LESSONS PROM MALACHI.

What do those do who truly fear God? How does

God regard them? What does He cause to be done?

Verse 16.

What promise does He make concerning them? When

will this be manifest? How will He spare them? Verse

17. Note 1.

What will the faithful know in the great day o•f God?

Verse 18.

What will be the character of that day in this world?

What will the proud and the wicked then be? What will

become of the stubble? Verse 1.

What shall rise to `those• who fear God? What will

be its influence upon them? Verse 2. Note 2.

What then will be their relation to the wicked? What

will the wicked then be? Verse 3. Note 3.

10.

In view of all this, what are We enjoined to remem-

ber? Verse 4. Note 4.

11.

Whom will God send before that day comes? Verse 5.

Note 5.

12.

What will he do? What will be the result of reject-

ing his message? What will be the result of accepting the

message? Verse 6.

NOTES

"It is vain." This is the sight of the fleshly eye, the.

worldly view, the darkness of unbelief. David said that he

was envious when he saw the prosperity of the wicked, until

he went into the sanctuary of God, where he looked at

them as the Lord saw them; then he saw their latter end.

"Though a sinner do evil an hundred times, and prolong his

days, yet surely I know that it shall be well with them that

fear God; . . . ' but it shall not be well with the wicked."

Righteousness is always gain, even though it seems to end

in defeat. It is not y et revealed what the children of God

shall be, but we know that when He shall appear, we shall

be like Him. They are here now, but they are not revealed.

What they suffer makes it seem as though they were counted

as sheep for the slaughter; but in all these things they are

more than conquerors through the love of Christ.

"Healing in His wings." From the time of Adam the

race has deteriorated, and God's people have gone down in

death through wasting disease, starvation, and in every con-

ceivable ill way; but when Christ comes, He will heal all

these defects and restore man to his normal size and beauty.

"Leave them neither root nor branch." God gives to

LASSONS FROM MALACHI.



all existence and life that He may be glorified. His glory is

always for His creatures' best good. If man will not use

God's life aright, he will revert to his original elements, the

dust of the earth. They who have triumphed over and

oppressed the good have perished with the sin they have

chosen; sin can not exist in the unveiled presence of God

when He comes into His own, and they perish in the burn-

ing glory of His presence. Satan, the root of all, and the

wicked, the branches, perish forever in what they have

chosen.

"Remember ye." The law of Moses for all Israel, with

the statutes, would include all typical offerings, all the

truths connected with the sanctuary, and the significance of

the ceremonies, as well as the nature of the moral precepts.

Rememioering this would lead to the development of all the

truth of the great threefold message of Revelation 14. It

would show the service of the Levitical priesthood to be no

meaningless service, but replete with Gospel truth, a service

unto the shadow and example of heavenly things.

"I will send you Elijah." "But did not God send

Elijah in John the Baptist?"—Yes, in a sense. Matt. 11:14;

17:10-12. But John declares that he was not Elijah. John

1:21. What, then, are we to understand?—Simply this:

Elijah in this work of reform was a type of John, who went

before Christ "in the spirit and power of Elias." Luke 1:17.

But the "great and terrible day of the Lord" did not then

come, save to that one people as a nation. All these were

types of the great and terrible day of the Lord upon. the

world. We have in Elijah's time the apostasy of Israel

through the influence of Jezebel, a sun-worshiping Zidonian.

We have the antitypical Jezebel in the great apostate church.

We have the union of 'that ,church with the state, even as

Jezebel with Ahab. There is demanded the spirit and power

of Elijah to reprove of sin, preach again God's down-

trodden truth, be very zealous for His law, and reprove

the sun-worshipers of Baal. These will be manifest, not

through one person, to one country, but through all God's

true people to the world.

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